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====== Diffractive proton-proton collisions ======

Full code to produce a {{latex:feynman:proton-proton_collisions_diffractive.pdf|multipage PDF}} with the [[latex:feynman#proton-proton_collisions_with_a_hard_process|standalone diagrams]] depicting diffractive proton-proton collisions:

<code latex proton-proton_collisions_diffractive.tex>
% !TEX program = pdflatexmk
% !TEX parameter = -shell-escape
% Author: Izaak Neutelings (February 2023)
\documentclass[10pt,border=2pt,multi=page,crop]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{feynmp-auto}

\newcommand{\Pom}{\rm I\!P} % Pomeron

\begin{document}
\large

% PP COLLISION - ELASTIC (POMERON)
\begin{page}
\fmfframe(-6,15)(-6,15){ % padding (LTRB)
\begin{fmffile}{feynmp-pp-elastic}
  \begin{fmfgraph*}(160,80)
    \fmfleft{iq,ip}
    \fmfright{oq,op}
    % proton 1
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{ip}
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{op}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{ip,vp,op}
    % proton 2
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{iq}
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{oq}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{iq,vq,oq}
    % pomeron
    \fmfv{decor.shape=circle,decor.filled=full,decor.size=6}{vp}
    \fmfv{decor.shape=circle,decor.filled=full,decor.size=6}{vq}
    \fmf{double,tension=0.9,label=${\Pom}$,label.side=right}{vp,vq}
  \end{fmfgraph*}
\end{fmffile}
}
\end{page}

% PP COLLISION - SINGLE DIFFRACTIVE (down)
\begin{page}
\fmfframe(-6,15)(-3,15){ % padding (LTRB)
\begin{fmffile}{feynmp-pp-single-diffractive1}
  \begin{fmfgraph*}(160,80)
    \fmfleft{iq,ip}
    \fmfright{oq,op}
    % proton 1
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{ip}
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{op}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{ip,vp,op}
    % proton 2
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{iq}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{iq,vq}
    \fmf{phantom}{vq,oq}
    % pomeron
    \fmf{double,tension=0.9,label=${\Pom}$,label.side=right}{vp,vq}
    \fmffreeze
    % single diffraction
    \fmfshift{5 up}{oq}
    \fmfv{l=Y,l.a=-10,l.d=12}{oq}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vq,__oq) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vq), 10)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vq,__oq) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 0) rotatedaround(vloc(__vq),  0)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vq,__oq) scaled 1.01 shifted(4,-2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vq),-10)}
    % vertices
    \fmfv{decor.shape=circle,decor.filled=full,decor.size=6}{vp}
    \fmfblob{20}{vq}
  \end{fmfgraph*}
\end{fmffile}
}
\end{page}

% PP COLLISION - SINGLE DIFFRACTIVE (up)
\begin{page}
\fmfframe(-6,15)(-3,15){ % padding (LTRB)
\begin{fmffile}{feynmp-pp-single-diffractive2}
  \begin{fmfgraph*}(160,80)
    \fmfleft{iq,ip}
    \fmfright{oq,op}
    % proton 1
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{ip}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{ip,vp}
    \fmf{phantom}{vp,op}
    % proton 2
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{iq}
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{oq}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{iq,vq,oq}
    % pomeron
    \fmf{double,tension=0.9,label=${\Pom}$,label.side=right}{vp,vq}
    \fmffreeze
    % single diffraction
    \fmfshift{5 down}{op}
    \fmfv{l=X,l.a=10,l.d=12}{op}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vp,__op) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vp), 10)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vp,__op) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 0) rotatedaround(vloc(__vp),  0)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vp,__op) scaled 1.01 shifted(4,-2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vp),-10)}
    % vertices
    \fmfv{decor.shape=circle,decor.filled=full,decor.size=6}{vp}
    \fmfblob{20}{vp}
  \end{fmfgraph*}
\end{fmffile}
}
\end{page}

% PP COLLISION - DOUBLE DIFFRACTION
\begin{page}
\fmfframe(-6,15)(-3,15){ % padding (LTRB)
\begin{fmffile}{feynmp-pp-diffraction-double}
  \begin{fmfgraph*}(160,80)
    \fmfleft{iq,ip}
    \fmfright{oq,op}
    % proton 1
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{ip}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{ip,vp}
    \fmf{phantom}{vp,op}
    % proton 2
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{iq}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{iq,vq}
    \fmf{phantom}{vq,oq}
    % pomeron
    \fmf{double,tension=0.9,label=${\Pom}$,label.side=right}{vp,vq}
    \fmffreeze
    % double diffraction
    \fmfshift{5 down}{op}
    \fmfshift{5 up}{oq}
    \fmfv{l=X,l.a=10,l.d=12}{op}
    \fmfv{l=Y,l.a=-10,l.d=12}{oq}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vp,__op) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vp), 10)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vp,__op) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 0) rotatedaround(vloc(__vp),  0)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vp,__op) scaled 1.01 shifted(4,-2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vp),-10)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vq,__oq) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vq), 10)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vq,__oq) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 0) rotatedaround(vloc(__vq),  0)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__vq,__oq) scaled 1.01 shifted(4,-2) rotatedaround(vloc(__vq),-10)}
    % vertices
    \fmfblob{20}{vp}
    \fmfblob{20}{vq}
  \end{fmfgraph*}
\end{fmffile}
}
\end{page}

% PP COLLISION - CENTRAL DIFFRACTION
\begin{page}
\fmfframe(-6,15)(-3,15){ % padding (LTRB)
\begin{fmffile}{feynmp-pp-diffraction-central}
  \begin{fmfgraph*}(160,80)
    \fmfleft{iq,ip}
    \fmfright{oq,oc,op}
    % proton 1
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{ip}
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{op}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{ip,vp,op}
    % proton 2
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{iq}
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{oq}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{iq,vq,oq}
    % pomeron
    \fmfv{decor.shape=circle,decor.filled=full,decor.size=6}{vp}
    \fmfv{decor.shape=circle,decor.filled=full,decor.size=6}{vq}
    \fmf{double,tension=0.9,label=${\Pom}$,label.side=right}{vp,v,vq}
    \fmffreeze
    % single diffraction
    \fmfv{l=Z,l.a=0,l.d=12}{oc}
    \fmf{phantom}{v,oc}
    \fmfshift{12 left}{oc}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__oc) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 2) rotatedaround(vloc(__v), 10)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__oc) scaled 1.01 shifted(4, 0) rotatedaround(vloc(__v),  0)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__oc) scaled 1.01 shifted(4,-2) rotatedaround(vloc(__v),-10)}
    \fmfblob{20}{v}
  \end{fmfgraph*}
\end{fmffile}
}
\end{page}

% PP COLLISION - NONDIFFRACTIVE
\begin{page}
\fmfframe(-6,15)(15,15){ % padding (LTRB)
\begin{fmffile}{feynmp-pp-nondiffractive}
  \begin{fmfgraph*}(160,80)
    \fmfleft{iq,ip}
    \fmfright{o}
    % proton 1
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{ip}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{ip,v}
    % proton 2
    \fmflabel{$\text{p}^+$}{iq}
    \fmf{fermion,width=1.5}{iq,v}
    \fmf{phantom,tension=2}{v,o}
    \fmffreeze
    % X
    \fmfv{l=X,l.a=0,l.d=16}{o}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__o) scaled 1.01 shifted(6, 4) rotatedaround(vloc(__v), 24)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__o) scaled 1.01 shifted(6, 2) rotatedaround(vloc(__v), 12)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__o) scaled 1.01 shifted(6, 0) rotatedaround(vloc(__v),  0)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__o) scaled 1.01 shifted(6,-2) rotatedaround(vloc(__v),-12)}
    \fmfi{fermion}{vpath (__v,__o) scaled 1.01 shifted(6,-4) rotatedaround(vloc(__v),-24)}
    \fmfblob{30}{v}
  \end{fmfgraph*}
\end{fmffile}
}
\end{page}

\end{document}
</code>
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